What is CNC?
| Computerized Numerical Control |
|
Using computers to create metal parts and products for equipment and machines. In more simple terms, its high tech machining technology. Machining and metalworking have been around for a very long time, but with the advent of computers in the 1970s, a new industry was born. More efficient output operations with even greater precision resulted from this marriage of machining and computers. CNC is the control of a machine tool using text strings to represent specific motions and actions. It is a system in which programmed numeric values are directly inserted and stored on some form of input medium, and automatically read and decoded to cause a corresponding movement in the machine which its controlling. |
| A complete listing of G-Codes with definitions and examples for both turning and milling | |||
| Milling | Turning | ||
| G00 | Positioning in Rapid | G00 | Positioning in Rapid |
| G01 | Linear Interpolation | G01 | Linear Interpolation |
| G02 | Circular Interpolation (CW) | G02 | Circular Interpolation (CW) |
| G03 | Circular Interpolation (CCW) | G03 | Circular Interpolation (CCW) |
| G04 | Dwell | G04 | Dwell |
| G07 | Imaginary axis designation | G07 | Feedrate sine curve control |
| G09 | Exact stop check | . | . |
| G10 | Program parameter input | G10 | Data setting |
| G11 | Program parameter input cancel | G11 | Data setting cancel |
| G12 | Circle Cutting CW | . | . |
| G13 | Circle Cutting CCW | . | . |
| G17 | XY Plane | G17 | XY Plane |
| G18 | XZ Plane | G18 | XZ Plane |
| G19 | YZ Plane | G19 | YZ Plane |
| G20 | Inch Units | G20 | Inch Units |
| G21 | Metric Units | G21 | Metric Units |
| G22 | Stored stroke limit ON | G22 | Stored stroke check function ON |
| G23 | Stored stroke limit OFF | G23 | Stored stroke check function OFF |
| . | . | G25 | Spindle speed fluctuation detection OFF |
| . | . | G26 | Spindle speed fluctuation detection ON |
| G27 | Reference point return check | G27 | Reference point return check |
| G28 | Automatic return to reference point | G28 | Automatic Zero Return |
| G29 | Automatic return from reference point | G29 | Return from Zero Return Position |
| G30 | Return to 2nd, 3rd, 4th reference point | G30 | 2nd reference point return |
| G31 | Skip function | G31 | Skip function |
| . | . | G32 | Thread cutting |
| G33 | Thread cutting | . | . |
| G34 | Bolt hole circle (Canned Cycle) | G34 | Variable lead thread cutting |
| G35 | Line at angle (Canned Cycle) | . | . |
| G36 | Arc (Canned Cycle) | G36 | Automatic tool compensation |
| G40 | Cutter compensation Cancel | G40 | Tool Nose Radius Compensation Cancel |
| G41 | Cutter compensation Left | G41 | Tool Nose Radius Compensation Left |
| G42 | Cutter compensation Right | G42 | Tool Nose Radius Compensation Right |
| G43 | Tool Length Compensation (Plus) | . | . |
| G44 | Tool Length Compensation (Minus) | . | . |
| G45 | Tool offset increase | . | . |
| G46 | Tool offset decrease | G46 | Automatic Tool Nose Radius Compensation |
| G47 | Tool offset double increase | . | . |
| G48 | Tool offset double decrease | . | . |
| G49 | Tool Length Compensation Cancel | . | . |
| G50 | Scaling OFF | G50 | Coordinate system setting and maximum rpm |
| G51 | Scaling ON | . | . |
| G52 | Local coordinate system setting | G52 | Local coordinate system setting |
| G53 | Machine coordinate system selection | G53 | Machine coordinate system setting |
| G54 | Workpiece Coordinate System | G54 | Workpiece Coordinate System |
| G55 | Workpiece Coordinate System 2 | G55 | Workpiece Coordinate System 2 |
| G56 | Workpiece Coordinate System 3 | G56 | Workpiece Coordinate System 3 |
| G57 | Workpiece Coordinate System 4 | G57 | Workpiece Coordinate System 4 |
| G58 | Workpiece Coordinate System 5 | G58 | Workpiece Coordinate System 5 |
| G59 | Workpiece Coordinate System 6 | G59 | Workpiece Coordinate System 6 |
| G60 | Single direction positioning | . | . |
| G61 | Exact stop check mode | G61 | Exact stop check mode |
| G62 | Automatic corner override | G62 | Automatic corner override |
| G63 | Tapping mode | G63 | Tapping mode |
| G64 | Cutting mode | G64 | Cutting mode |
| G65 | Custom macro simple call | G65 | User macro simple call |
| G66 | Custom macro modal call | G66 | User macro modal call |
| G67 | Custom macro modal call cancel | G67 | User macro modal call cancel |
| G68 | Coordinate system rotation ON | G68 | Mirror image for double turrets ON |
| G69 | Coordinate system rotation OFF | G69 | Mirror image for double turrets OFF |
| G70 | Inch Units | G70 | Finishing Cycle |
| G71 | Metric Units | G71 | Turning Cycle |
| G72 | User canned cycles | G72 | Facing Cycles |
| G73 | High-Speed Peck Drilling Cycles | G73 | Pattern repeating |
| G74 | Counter tapping cycles | G74 | Peck Drilling Cycles |
| G75 | User canned cycles | G75 | Grooving Cycles |
| G76 | Fine boring cycles | G76 | Threading Cycles |
| G77 | User canned cycles | . | . |
| G78 | User canned cycles | . | . |
| G79 | User canned cycles | . | . |
| G80 | Cancel Canned Cycles | G80 | Canned cycle for drilling cancel |
| G81 | Drilling Cycles | . | . |
| G82 | Counter Boring Cycles | . | . |
| G83 | Deep Hole Drilling Cycles | G83 | Face Drilling Cycles |
| G84 | Tapping cycle | G84 | Face Tapping Cycle |
| G85 | Boring Cycle | . | . |
| G86 | Boring Cycle | G86 | Face Boring Cycle |
| G87 | Back Boring Cycle | G87 | Side Drilling Cycle |
| G88 | Boring Cycle | G88 | Side Tapping Cycle |
| G89 | Boring Cycle | G89 | Side Boring Cycle |
| G90 | Absolute Positioning | G90 | Absolute Programming |
| G91 | Incremental Positioning | G91 | Incremental Programming |
| G92 | Reposition Origin Point | G92 | Thread Cutting Cycle |
| G93 | Inverse time feed | . | . |
| G94 | Per minute feed | G94 | Endface Turning Cycle |
| G95 | Per revolution feed | . | . |
| G96 | Constant surface speed control | G96 | Constant surface speed control |
| G97 | Constant surface speed control cancel | G97 | Constant surface speed control cancel |
| G98 | Set Initial Plane default | G98 | Linear Feedrate Per Time |
| G99 | Return to Retract (Rapid) Plane | G99 | Feedrate Per Revolution |
| . | . | G107 | Cylindrical Interpolation |
| . | . | G112 | Polar coordinate interpolation mode |
| . | . | G113 | Polar coordinate interpolation mode cancel |
| . | . | G250 | Polygonal turning mode cancel |
| . | . | G251 | Polygonal turning mode |
| Milling | Turning | ||
| A complete listing of M-Codes with definitions and examples for both turning and milling | |||
| Milling | Turning | ||
| M00 | Program Stop | M00 | Program Stop |
| M01 | Optional Program Stop | M01 | Optional Program Stop |
| M02 | Program End | M02 | Program End |
| M03 | Spindle On Clockwise | M03 | Spindle On Clockwise |
| M04 | Spindle On Counterclockwise | M04 | Spindle On Counterclockwise |
| M05 | Spindle Stop | M05 | Spindle Stop |
| M06 | Tool Change | . | . |
| . | . | M07 | Coolant 1 On |
| M08 | Coolant On | M08 | Coolant 2 On |
| M09 | Coolant Off | M09 | Coolant Off |
| M10 | Clamps On | . | . |
| M11 | Clamps Off | . | . |
| M30 | End of Program, Reset to Start | M30 | End of Program, Reset to Start |
| M98 | Call subroutine command | M98 | Subprogram call |
| M99 | Return from subroutine command | M99 | Return from subprogram |
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